Navigating the future: Skills and jobs in the green and digital transitions

Green and digital transitions can provide opportunities for a large-scale job creation if effective policy measures and investment are undertaken. The occupations benefiting from employment gains are observed at all skill levels, with the most significant gain in the medium-skilled occupations. 

Employment opportunities will arise across all age groups, with sizable gains particularly for youth. Despite the opportunities, the projected impacts are not always distributed broadly. The gender distribution of the additional job creation is alarmingly unequal, with women gaining smaller share of additional job creation. Similarly, in all scenarios, the older workers would see lower percentage changes in additional job creation than the overall working-age population. 

Furthermore, certain groups of occupations are more likely to benefit or lose out during the transitions. Reskilling, upskilling, and other support from labour market institutions and employment and social protection measures, designed and implemented through social dialogue, would be crucial for workers to safeguard income generation opportunities or transition to new jobs, and for enterprises to harness the opportunities presented by green and digital transitions.